N-Phenylmaleimide (abbreviated N-PMI), also known as monomaleimide,(C₁₀H₇NO₂, CAS 941-69-5) manufactured by Yangchen Tech used as a high-performance polymer synthetic monomer and modifier. Structurally, N-PMI features a maleimide ring bonded to a phenyl group, making it highly reactive in both free-radical and ionic polymerizations. It is produced as a pale yellow crystalline powder (melting point \~88–90 °C) and is valued for its ability to impart heat resistance, mechanical strength, and unique functional properties to resins and plastics. N-PMI also exhibits photosensitivity and biocidal (disinfectant) activity, which has led to its use as a bactericide, fungicide, and antifouling agent in coatings.
Chemical and Functional Properties
Heat Resistance: N-Phenylmaleimide greatly improves thermal stability when copolymerized with vinyl monomers. Even small additions (≈1–5% by weight) to ABS, PVC or PMMA resins can raise the heat distortion temperature (HDT) by \~2 °C per wt% of N-PMI. For example, incorporating 10% N-PMI into ABS can elevate its heat-resistance to about 125–130 °C. In comparative studies, N-PMI–modified ABS achieved HDT near 150 °C, whereas typical α-methylstyrene modifiers cap around 115 °C. This high thermal stability makes N-PMI a preferred heat-resistant ABS modifier and engineering polymer additive.
Mechanical Properties: N-Phenylmaleimide enhances the mechanical strength and stiffness of polymers. Copolymers containing N-PMI show higher tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance than unmodified plastics. It also improves melt-flow and processability, enabling easier molding and extrusion without degradation.
Specification
| Appearance | Melting point | Purity | Solubility |
| Yellow crystalline powder or flakes | 85-90℃ | ＞99% | Soluble in organic solvents |
Chemical and Flame Resistance: When added to resins, N-PMI increases chemical resistance against acids, bases and solvents. It also has inherent flame-retardant character; incorporating N-PMI into a polymer matrix can improve the material’s fire resistance, a critical property for electronics and construction applications.
Photosensitivity and Biocidal Activity: N-Phenylmaleimide is used in photosensitive resins and coating formulations due to its ability to undergo UV-initiated polymerization. Uniquely, it possesses disinfectant properties – it is listed as a *bactericide, fungicide and underwater organism repellent*. This makes it useful as an antifouling additive in marine coatings and as an intermediate in agricultural chemicals (e.g. plant-growth regulators and pesticides).
Solubility
N-Phenylmaleimide is highly soluble in many organic solvents (e.g. acetone, DMF, benzene), facilitating its use in reactive extrusion and solution polymerizations. In summary, its combination of heat resistance, mechanical reinforcement, flame-retardancy and biocidal effects make N-phenylmaleimide a versatile monomer and modifier in advanced polymer systems.
| Chemical Structure |  |
| Chemical Formula | C10H7NO2 |
| Molecular Weight | 173.16 |
| CAS No. | 941-69-5 |
| Packing Type | Paper bag (20 kg) |
Applications in Polymers and Alloys
- N-Phenylmaleimide manufactured by Yangchen Tech is primarily used as a comonomer modifier to produce heat-resistant plastic alloys and copolymers.
- Heat-Resistant ABS (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene): N-PMI is widely added to ABS resin to create *N-PMI–modified ABS*, often called heat-resistant ABS. The maleimide group copolymerizes with styrenic monomers, greatly improving HDT and thermal stability. Even 1% N-PMI raises ABS HDT by \~2 °C. N-PMI–ABS finds use in automotive parts (dashboards, engine covers), electronics housings and any application requiring high-temperature performance.
- PVC and PVC/ABS Blends: Blending N-PMI into PVC or PVC/ABS alloys increases softening temperature and heat deflection. For example, N-PMI improves the heat resistance of PVC-ABS compounds used in television and office equipment housings.
- PMMA (Acrylic Resins): In polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and other acrylic resins, N-PMI copolymerization boosts thermal endurance. N-PMI-modified PMMA is suitable for optical components (discs, lenses) and lighting parts that must withstand higher service temperatures.
- Engineering Plastic Alloys: N-PMI is incorporated into blends of engineering plastics such as polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), and PBT. These polymer alloys – used in automotive and appliance components – gain improved thermal stability from N-PMI modification.
Please consult us for more information about N-Phenylmaleimide polymer applications.Welcome Inquiry!
Electrostatic chuck is a key component widely used in semiconductor manufacturing for clamping and positioning semiconductor chips. In the past, China's semiconductor industry relied mainly on imports for electrostatic chucks, which brought great inconvenience to domestic semiconductor manufacturing.
In view of international trade friction and technology protection pressure, China decided to increase the localization of electrostatic chucks. However, to achieve this goal is not easy, facing a series of technical and market difficulties.
Technical breakthroughs in the arduous
As a high-precision component, electrostatic chucks require extremely low coefficient of friction, stable mechanical properties and high-precision positioning capability. In order to realize localization, Chinese semiconductor enterprises actively carry out technical research.
After years of efforts, domestic enterprises have made some breakthroughs. They have improved the process, optimized the material ratios, and developed some innovative design methods. These technological advances have significantly improved the performance of domestic electrostatic chucks.
Structure of electrostatic chuck
Conventional electrostatic chuck, the difference is that the surface of the electrostatic chuck insulation layer material is different, dark aluminum nitride, white alumina, the structure of the electrostatic chuck is divided into the following parts:
- Insulation layer: Used for contact with wafers, usually aluminum nitride ceramic, because of its good mechanical strength, high temperature resistance and thermal conductivity.
- Ejector pin and He air holes: The ejector pin is used for wafer transfer. When the wafer enters the etching chamber, the ejector pin rises to take up the wafer, and then the ejector pin falls down to place the wafer on the surface of the electrostatic chuck. Moreover, the ejector is usually a hollow structure, and He gas is passed through to cool down the wafers at the same time.
- Back He flow: Used to enhance heat dissipation and to provide feedback on wafer adsorption.
- Electrostatic Electrodes: Used to generate an electrostatic field to adsorb wafers. Electrodes are usually flat and embedded or deposited in insulating materials. Commonly used materials include aluminum, copper and tungsten and other metals with good electrical conductivity.
- Circulating cooling water and heating electrodes: mainly used for the overall temperature control of the electrostatic chuck, heating electrodes and circulating cooling water at the same time, so that the wafer can be maintained at a stable temperature.
The key and difficult point of the electrostatic chuck lies in the temperature control.
Semiconductor process temperature control of the wafer is critical to dry etching, for example, the need to control the wafer at 100 ° C to -70 ° C at a particular temperature to maintain a certain etching characteristics, and therefore the need for static chuck on the wafer to heat or heat dissipation, so as to accurately control the wafer temperature.
With the development of a new generation of semiconductor technology, low-temperature etching and deposition processes usually require wafers to reach lower temperatures, so the heat dissipation performance of the electrostatic chuck has put forward higher requirements.
From a technical point of view, in addition to the size of the wafers carried by the gradual increase in size, the development trend of electrostatic chuck is mainly manifested in the temperature uniformity control needs to improve, that is, the number of zoned temperature-controlled temperature zones gradually increased.
Before and after 2000, the number of zoned temperature control temperature zone is generally 2 zones, 2000 to 2005, the number of zoned temperature control temperature zone is generally 4 zones, and at this stage, there are more than 100 temperature zone of the electrostatic chuck products have been developed and put into practical applications.
The bright future of domestic electrostatic chuck
Although the road to localization faces difficulties and challenges, but the domestic semiconductor enterprises in the localization of electrostatic chuck has made remarkable progress. With the continuous maturation of technology and brand enhancement, the market share of domestic electrostatic chucks is gradually increasing. And, China as the world's largest semiconductor market, the demand for electrostatic chucks will continue to grow.
The localization of electrostatic chucks is an important part of China's semiconductor industry to achieve self-control. Although facing technical breakthroughs and market competition in the arduous, but China's semiconductor enterprises are actively promoting the localization of electrostatic chuck process. It is believed that with the passage of time, the domestic electrostatic chuck will be more mature and show strong competitiveness in the market.
About Xiamen Juci Technology Co., Ltd.
Xiamen Juci Technology Co., Ltd. is a cutting-edge high-tech enterprise dedicated to the R&D, manufacturing, and distribution of premium aluminum nitride (AlN) materials. As an industry-leading AlN powder producer, we deliver high-performance material solutions tailored for advanced applications in electronics, semiconductor, and aerospace sectors. Our commitment to excellence in product quality and customer service has established us as a trusted global partner for specialized ceramic materials.
Media Contact:
Xiamen Juci Technology Co., Ltd.
Phone: +86 592 7080230
Email: miki_huang@chinajuci.com
Website: www.jucialnglobal.com
Ethylene-VinylAlcohol Copolymer (EVOH) resin provides a superior barrier against oxygen permeation, exhibiting performance up to four orders of magnitude greater than conventional polyethylene. Due to its excellent barrier properties, formability, and environmental friendliness, it is widely used in high-end new material fields such as automotive fuel tanks, films, food containers, and underfloor heating pipes.
When it comes to food packaging, EVOH really helps keep food fresh and flavorful for a long time, sometimes even years, without needing preservatives.
EVOH( EW-3201&EVAL F105B)is made bycombining ethylene and vinyl alcohol.
Applications
1.Packaging
EVOH is often used with other materials for packaging since it's such a strong barrier:
Food & Beverage: It’s used for items like milk, juice, seafood, and other things that spoil quickly. For example, Chinese seafood exporters use five-layer vacuum-sealed films made of PE, EVOH, and PA.
Non-Food: You’ll find it in chemicals, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and electronics packaging.
2. Automotive
Fuel Tanks: EVOH mixed with HDPE makes lightweight and affordable plastic fuel tanks.
Structure :
Outer layer (HDPE) → Recycled layer → Adhesive layer (LLDPE) → Barrier layer (EVOH) → Adhesive layer (LLDPE) → Inner layer (HDPE).
Fuel Lines: PA-EVOH composite tubes replace metal pipes, aiding vehicle lightweighting.
3. Medical
Selective Permeable Membranes: Sterilized via radiation (e.g., EVOH hollow fibers for dialysis).
Artificial Kidneys: Hollow-fiber membranes for blood purification.
Drug Delivery: EVOH-coated polymers for controlled-release medications.
Biomedical Implants: Blends with corn starch or cellulose acetate for bone substitutes and tissue repair.
4. Construction
Heating Pipes: EVOH’s oxygen barrier prevents corrosion in heating systems.
Types: 3-layer (external barrier) and 5-layer (internal barrier) pipes, both using EVOH.
5. Other Uses
Textiles: Heat-sealing adhesives with superior wash resistance for apparel.
Hydrogen Storage: EVOH-modified hydrogen tank liners maintain elasticity and barrier performance even at low temperatures.
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Ultrafiltration membranes are super popular for separating different substances. You can find them in areas like oil processing, textiles, biopharmaceuticals, food production, wastewater treatment, and even making drinking water. Scientists are exploring ways to enhance these membranes so they can produce more water without compromising their filtering ability and also reduce pollution. To this end, many scholars are committed to developing new membrane materials and modifying membranes to improve their application effects. There are many methods to modify membrane materials, such as copolymerization, mixing and surface modification. Blending is simple and easy, making it a popular topic in membrane research. That's why many scientists in the field pay attention to it.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 088-08 & PVA 1088) has good film-forming properties and pollution resistance, and is widely used as a material for preparing hydrophilic membranes.PVA membranes have a tendency to swell and can even dissolve, so they often need some changes, like heat treatment or blending.
To make these membranes, we used materials like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose acetate (CA), glacial acetic acid, metal chlorides, and water. We created blended ultrafiltration membranes using a method called phase inversion, adding metal chlorides like sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and barium chloride (BaCl). We checked how the amount of these metal chlorides impacted the performance of the blended membranes.
Our results showed that when the mass fraction of NaCl and KCl doesn't go over 1% in the membrane solution, the modified blended membrane performs well in retaining substances. The pure water flow increases, while energy use stays pretty much the same. But, when the mass fraction goes above 1.5%, the water flow jumps significantly, but the retention rate drops. We found that about 1% is the best amount for the alkali metal chlorides, while for BaCl, around 1.5% works best. Under the same conditions, blending with KCl results in the highest water flow rate. After we changed the PVA-CA blended membrane with NaCl and KCl, it became more water-loving. But when we used BaCl, it got a bit less water-loving.
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In this era of rapid technological advancement, the development and application of new materials have become a crucial driving force for progress. Polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), as an exceptional polymer material, demonstrates tremendous potential across various fields. This article provides an in-depth exploration of PVB's chemical properties, production processes, and its extensive applications in modern technology, offering readers a comprehensive understanding of the scientific principles and technological appeal behind this remarkable material.
- Fundamental Characteristics of Polyvinyl Butyral
Polyvinyl butyral is a type of plastic made by combining polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde. It boasts outstanding features including high transparency, excellent flexibility, and strong weather resistance.
- PVB Production Process Flow
1. Raw material preparation: Polyvinyl alcohol and n-butyraldehyde as primary materials;
2. Condensation reaction: Polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in hot water with catalyst, followed by gradual addition of butyraldehyde solution to form PVB prepolymer;
3. Dehydration and drying: The obtained PVB prepolymer undergoes dehydration and drying processes;
4. Pelletizing and forming: Finally, the dried PVB powder is processed into desired shapes or specifications through extrusion and pelletizing techniques.
Application Fields of Polyvinyl Butyral
1. Automotive industry: PVB safety glass is great at preventing injuries from shattered glass and is often found in windshields;
2. Construction sector: PVB laminated glass makes windows safer, helps with insulation, and blocks noise, making homes cozier;
3. Electronics industry:Its strong adhesion and durability make PVB resin a good choice for different packaging and printing inks;
4. Packaging and printing: With excellent adhesion and wear resistance, PVB resin is suitable for various packaging coatings and printing inks.
Future Development Trends
Ongoing research focuses on optimizing PVB(PVB SD-1&PVB B-20HX)synthesis processes and expanding its applications. Environmental considerations have also made the development of biodegradable PVB a current research priority.
With its outstanding comprehensive performance, polyvinyl butyral is playing an increasingly vital role across multiple industries. As technology advances, we can confidently anticipate that PVB will continue to deliver more surprises and transformations.
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- Polyvinyl Alcohol 452 Properties Properties
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH, PVOH452&Alcotex 45) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer. PVOH has excellent film-forming and adhesive properties, making it an ideal material for the production of films and adhesives. PVOH also has strong resistance to oil, grease and organic solvents. It is commonly used in packaging, textiles and coatings for a variety of purposes.
- Applications of Polyvinyl Alcohol 452
PVOH is a versatile polymer that can be widely used in different industries.In the food industry, it's popular as a packaging material because it does a great job at keeping moisture and oxygen out. PVOH is a very popular material. The film formed by PVOH can also be used as an adhesive layer for different types of films, making it an important component of flexible packaging. In addition, PVOH can also be used in the production of laundry detergent pods. It is a water-soluble packaging material that dissolves in water during the washing process.
In the medical field, PVOH is used to create water-soluble films for blister packs. These films help keep medicines safe from moisture and spoilage. It can also be used in medical textiles and surgical dressings. PVOH works as a binder for making gypsum-based products. It's really handy in construction because it makes the final products stick better and last longer. In farming, PVOH is used for coating seeds and in fertilizers that gradually release nutrients.
- Recyclability of Polyvinyl Alcohol 452
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH, PVOH452&Alcotex 45) is a recyclable material, and the recycling process involves dissolving it in water to break down its molecular structure, making it easier to separate from any impurities. The resulting solution is filtered and the PVOH is then regenerated by removing the water from the solution. The regenerated PVOH can be used to produce a variety of products such as compostable bags, water-soluble films, and adhesives.
Recycling PVOH is essential to reduce the amount of plastic waste in the environment and conserve resources. In addition, PVOH is biodegradable, which means that it can be broken down by microorganisms and eventually decomposed into natural compounds. Therefore, recycling PVOH not only reduces waste, but also reduces the amount of plastic waste in landfills and oceans, which has a positive impact on the environment.
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Yellowing of the Polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) at the edges of laminated glass is a rare but important quality issue. You usually see it as two yellow spots about 5 cm wide along the edges. Since this tends to happen often, many customers have complained, leading to some losses for the company. This study investigates the cause by checking the production steps, running tests, and using a microscope to pinpoint the issue and find a solution.
Cause Analysis
Making laminated glass involves several steps: cutting, edging, lamination, autoclave treatment, and finally packaging, storing, and transporting. We've noticed that the yellowing mainly occurs where the glass vials touch the rack base, specifically in a 5 cm area. This yellowing doesn't appear right after autoclaving; it tends to show up during packaging and storage. Here are a few initial ideas about what might be causing it:
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Local PVB Aging Due to High Temperature: We tried using glass on a new rack that had a trimmed rubber base and deeper grooves, and there was no yellowing after a day. So, that's not the problem.
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Plastic Film Aging Contaminating PVB: We tried switching the film with adhesive tape, but there was still yellowing, which means the film isn’t the main culprit.
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Migration of Yellowing from Rubber Material: Seeing that putting glass on a clean rack stopped it from turning yellow makes it pretty clear that the old rubber parts are the cause of the discoloration.
Testing and Mechanism Study
We used FTIR and GC-MS to check out the yellowed PVB(Resin B-05SY & PVB SD-2)and rubber materials. The findings included:
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There weren't any major differences in the composition of PVB or rubber.
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C-MS detected extra organic compounds in the yellowed PVB, which are rubber additives. These substances migrated to the PVB due to a blooming effect from the EPDM rubber, causing the yellow spots.
Optimization Solutions
Based on our findings, we suggest three solutions:
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Prevent Blooming Migration: Add an inorganic barrier between the glass and rubber.
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Maintain Rubber Base: Trim aged surfaces periodically.
Conclusion
Identifying the issue has been really beneficial. This approach could also help address yellowing problems in other materials, like Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), which might spark some useful ideas for related issues.
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In advanced materials engineering, N‑phenylmaleimide (N‑PMI) manuafctured by Yangchen Tech
